Linchamientos en México. Mexican town that lynched alleged kidnappers by Tom Phillips

En la película Vice se nos muestra como Dick Cheney, después de que dos aviones se estrellasen contra la torres gemelas, ve una oportunidad en lo que otros ven como un problema. A partir de ahí, la trama se desarrolla para mostrar como Cheney aprovecha esa oportunidad. Pero la otra cara de la moneda, el problema, también se desarrolla.

Hoy publica The Guardian que, en México, patrullas ciudadanas, hartas de secuestros, han linchado a un grupo de delincuentes. Mientras, Bolsonaro declara que ‘criminals should die in the streets like cockroaches’. El problema de la delincuencia organizada, especialmente al sur de Estados Unidos ha sido la cara B de una oportunidad para muchos gobernantes. Cierto que también es la cara B de la inoperancia de otros con mejores intenciones. Pero sea como sea ese problema ha crecido hasta situaciones insostenibles y, nuevamente, personajes como Bolsonaro o Duterte (la frontera sur de Estados Unidos es muy larga) lo recogen como una oportunidad. En medio, la respuesta visceral y coyuntural de la población que puede ser comprensible –lo comprensible no tiene que ser compartible- pero no deja de ser una evolución de pogromos, quema de brujas, gusto por las ejecuciones y otros divertimentos populares.

'People have had enough': Mexican town that lynched alleged kidnappers

Shocking act in Tepexco is just one example of wider malady blighting countries from Bolivia to Brazil

Tom Phillips in Tepexco

Wed 21 Aug 2019 05.00 BST Last modified on Wed 21 Aug 2019 05.01 BST

Socorro Muñoz fled indoors as the laurel-lined square outside her shop became a public execution ground one sunny afternoon in early August.

Fled indoors: huyó al interior

Laured-lined square: marco adornado con laurel

“I didn’t want to see,” the 62-year-old storekeeper explained as she relived the moment a tide of Latin American lynchings swept into Tepexco’s picturesque Plaza de la Constitución, leaving seven alleged kidnappers dead.

Witnesses say many in this farming community felt differently and had packed the square to watch a massacre they call simply “los hechos” or “the events”.

The dead included three suspected gang members – one a teenager – who were dragged from a local police station, interrogated and strung up from a rusty yellow basketball hoop as the crowd bayed for justice, and for blood.

Strung up: colgado

Rusty: oxidado

Bay: clamar

“My goodness, the 16-year-old kid, they hanged him and then brought him down – but he was still breathing. He was still alive,” Muñoz recounted in horror. “And when the people saw, they started shouting: ‘Put him up again! Put him up again!’ And so they put him up again. It was terrible. We’ve never seen anything like this.”

The lynchings, which took place in the Mexican state of Puebla on 7 August, were the latest expression of a regional malady blighting countries from Bolivia to Brazil, whose far-right president, Jair Bolsonaro, recently declared criminals should “die in the streets like cockroaches”.

Malady blighting: plaga que azota

Most weeks Latin American newspapers feature chilling tales of mob justice, often committed by otherwise law-abiding citizens and increasingly coordinated on social media and filmed on smartphones. In one recent case in the Brazilian Amazon, vigilantes smashed their way into a police station with sledgehammers in search of a suspected killer, before hacking him to death with machetes and scythes.

Chilling tales: relatos espeluznantes

Mob justice: justicia vengativa

Law-abiding citizens: ciudadanos de orden respetuosos de la ley.

Smashed their way: se abrieron paso

Sledghammer & scythes: mazos y guadañas

But Mexico, which last year registered a record 35,964 murders and where only a tiny fraction of crimes are solved, has been particularly affected.

The number of lynchings almost tripled here last year, jumping from 60 incidents in 2017 to 174 – 58 of which resulted in deaths. In the first half of this year that trend has continued with security expert Eduardo Guerrero counting at least 42 killings.

“It is truly alarming,” said Elisa Godínez Pérez, a Mexican anthropologist who studies lynchings. “There are regions like Puebla where the situation is practically out of control.” (…)

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/21/they-hanged-him-the-mexican-town-tepexco-that-lynched-alleged-kidnappers

“Courtesy of Guardian News & Media Ltd”.

The plastic backlash by Stephen Buranyi

The plastic backlash by Stephen Buranyi

Tue 13 Nov 2018 06.00 GMT Last modified on Mon 26 Nov 2018 12.00 GMT

Microbeads were only the beginning. The public would soon learn that synthetic fabrics such as nylon and polyester shed thousands of microscopic fibres with each wash cycle. After scientists started showing how these fibres ended up lodged in the guts of fish, newspapers ran articles with headlines such as “Yoga pants are destroying the Earth”, while eco-conscious brands such as Patagonia scrambled for solutions. (…) Then tyres, which are about 60% plastic, were revealed to shed plastic fibres while in motion, potentially more than microbeads and clothing combined. (…)

Les mini perles de plàstic (emprades en cosmètica principalment) foren sols el començament. La gent va comprendre ràpidament que les fibres sintètiques com ara el niló o el polièster deixaven anar milers de fibres microscòpiques a cada bugada. Després els científics varen mostrar com aquestes fibres acabaven dins els budells dels peixos i els diaris van començar a deixar anar titulars com ara “Els pantalons de ioga estan destruint el planeta” mentre eco-companyies com Patagonia cercaven solucions (com ara rentadores que evitaven en un 60% el problema de les microfibres). Més tard es va demostrar que els pneumàtics, que estan fets amb un 60% de plàstic, també deixaven anar microfibres en el seu moviment, potencialment més que les mini perles i la roba juntes.

Plastic meant profit. As one researcher from the Midwest Research Institute, an engineering research firm, wrote in 1969, “the powerful motive force behind the development of the throw-away container market is the fact that each returnable bottle displaced from the market means the sale of 20 non-returns”. In 1965, the Society for the Plastics Industry trade body reported that plastics had entered their 13th straight year of record growth.

Plàstic vol dir profit. Com un investigador del MRI, una companyia de recerca, va escriure el 1969, “la principal causa que va portar al desenvolupament del mercat dels estris d’un sol us fou que cada ampolla retornable retirada del mercat era equiparable al cost de 20 sense retorn.” El 1965, la Societat per la Indústria del Plàstic, un organisme comercial, va reportar que els plàstics havien aconseguit el seu 13è any consecutiu de creixement rècord.

But it also meant rubbish. In the US, prior to 1950, reusable packaging such as glass bottles had a nearly 96% return rate. By the 70s, the rate for all container returns had dropped below 5%. (…)

Però també vol dir brossa. Als Estats Units, abans del 1950, els envasos retornables com ara ampolles de vidre arribava ben bé al 96% de retorn. Cap als anys 70, la taxa de tots els contenidors de retornables va davallar fins a un 5%.

From the start, the industry fought hard against all the proposed legislation. The New York City plastic bottle tax was struck down by the state supreme court the same year it was levied, following a lawsuit by the Society for the Plastics Industry alleging unfair treatment;(…) the congressional ban never got off the ground after lobbyists claimed it would hurt manufacturing jobs.

Des del començament, la indústria va lluitar amb força contra tota legislació. La taxa de la ciutat de Nova York sobre les ampolles de plàstic fou derogada per la cort suprema el mateix any que havia estat implantada d’acord amb una al·legació de la SPI queixant-se de tractament injust; (el mateix va passar amb una legislació ambiental a Hawaii). Les esmenes al congrés no varen continuar tan bon punt els lobbistes varen queixar-se que es podrien perdre llocs de treball.

Having seen off these legislative threats, a loose alliance of oil and chemical companies, along with drinks and packaging manufacturers, pursued a two-part strategy that would successfully defuse anti-plastic sentiment for a generation. The first part of the strategy was to shift responsibility for litter and waste from companies to consumers. Rather than blaming the companies that had promoted disposable packaging and made millions along the way, these same companies argued that irresponsible individuals were the real problem. This argument was epitomised by a 1965 editorial in a US packaging trade journal headlined “Guns Don’t Kill People”, which blamed “the litterbugs who abuse our countryside” rather than the manufacturers themselves.

Veient aquestes amenaces legislatives, una poderosa aliança d’empreses químiques i del petroli juntament amb les d’envasaments van crear una doble estratègia per aconseguir que tota una generació deixés de tenir un sentiment de rebuig cap als plàstics. La primera part de l’estratègia fou fer anar la responsabilitat i la despesa dels residus de les companyies als consumidors. En lloc de culpar a les companyies que creaven els envasaments i guanyaven milions, les mateixes companyies argumentaven que les irresponsabilitats individuals eren el veritable problema. Aquest argument fou santificat el 1965 en un diari de les empreses d’emmagatzematge en un titular ‘Les pistoles no maten a la gent’ (sí, el mateix que ha fet servir Trump després de l’enèsima matança en l’estiu de 2019), que culpava als porcs que abusen del nostre país molt més que als mateixos productors.

To help push this message, companies involved in plastics and other disposable packaging funded non-profit groups that highlighted the consumer’s responsibility for rubbish. One of these groups, Keep America Beautiful (KAB), founded in 1953 and funded by companies including Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Dow Chemical and Mobil, ran hundreds of adverts along these lines. “People start pollution. People can stop it”, stated their 1971 Earth Day campaign. KAB also engaged local civic and community groups to organise cleanups and address what it called the “national disgrace” of litter.

Per ajudar a promoure aquest missatge, les companyies vinculades a la producció de plàstics i altres embolcalls d’un sol us varen crear grups sense ànim de lucre que remarcaven la responsabilitat dels consumidors per la brossa. Un d’aquests grups, Manté Amèrica Bonica (KAB) fundat el 1953 per companyies com ara Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Dow Chemical (20,000 morts i 600.000 afectats a Bhopal 1964) i Mobil, varen posar milers d’anuncis amb l’eslògan “La gent va començar la pol·lució. La gent la pot aturar” i van instaurar, el 1971, la seva campanya del Dia de la Terra. KAB també engegà grups civils locals i comunitaris per organitzar neteges i resoldre el que anomenaven la ‘desgràcia nacional’ de la brossa.

Framing litter as a personal failing was remarkably successful. In 1988, the year global plastic production pulled even with steel, Margaret Thatcher, picking up litter in St James’s Park for a photo op, captured the tone perfectly. “This is not the fault of the government,” she told reporters. “It is the fault of the people who knowingly and thoughtlessly throw it down.” 

Considerar la brossa com una responsabilitat personal tingué un notable èxit. El 1988, l’any que la producció de plàstic va agafar la del acer, Margaret Thatcher, recollint escombraries a St James Park per una foto publicitària, ho va resumir perfectament: ‘Això no és culpa dels governs’, va dir als periodistes. ‘Es de la gent que, tot i ser conscients, ho llencen.’ (la foto en aquest post és de The Telegraph) 

The second part of the industry’s strategy to allay public concern over pollution involved throwing its weight behind a relatively new idea: household recycling. 

La segona part de l’estratègia de la indústria per calmar la preocupació de la gent per la pol·lució implicava posar el pes sobre una idea nova: el reciclatge domèstic.

I no continuo per no sobrepassar els límits de la llicència d’ús de The Guardian. Podeu llegir l’article sencer a:

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/nov/13/the-plastic-backlash-whats-behind-our-sudden-rage-and-will-it-make-a-difference

I escoltar-ho a:

https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2018/dec/28/discover-the-familiar-the-plastic-backlash-podcast

“Courtesy of Guardian News & Media Ltd”.

Buenos Aires judge bans delivery apps after road accidents spike by Amy Booth

Buenos Aires judge bans delivery apps after road accidents spike

Ruling also raises concerns over workers’ rights, and orders credit card companies to block transactions made via apps

Amy Booth           Fri 16 Aug 2019 06.00 BST

When a courier delivering a takeaway in Buenos Aires was hit by a car, the company’s response was not to check how he was, but to ask: “How is the order?”

Courier Ernesto Floridia, 63, was run over on 27 July while delivering pizza ordered through Glovo, an on-demand courier service. When he texted the company about the accident, the co-ordinator replied: “How is the order. It is in good or bad condition to be delivered?” When he said he couldn’t move, the coordinator messaged: “Ernesto can you send me a picture of the products please?” Journalist Yanina Otero tweeted a photo of the exchange in which Floridia’s phone appears to be smeared with blood.

The tweet went viral, andwas retweeted more than 60,000 times, with social media users outraged at Glovo’s response. A judge has now taken it to a provocative conclusion: he has ordered the suspension of delivery apps after finding that major players Rappi, Glovo, and PedidosYa, failed to comply with the law – which the companies deny.

(…)

On 2 August, Judge Roberto Gallardo ordered the suspension of the apps in the city over concerns that the companies don’t satisfy transport and labour laws. They are banned until they start following the law. His ruling applies to all companies that fail to comply with the law, but specifically mentions major delivery apps Rappi, Glovo, and PedidosYa.

Gallardo, who interrupted the mid-year judicial recess in order to handle the case, later said: “The situation described entails a foreseeable and immediate risk to frustrate the rights to life, physical integrity and work.”

He has ordered credit card companies to block transactions made via the apps. Delivery companies will also be fined ARS10,000 (£149.35) each time police checkpoints catch a courier breaching health and safety requirements.

(…)

Juan Manuel Ottaviano (no relation), a labour lawyer and assessor at the Association of Platform Workers, drew parallels with Uber. The ride hailing app is fighting a legal battle with the City of Buenos Aires about whether the law should treat it as a technology company or a taxi service. Drivers are left in a legal grey area, but keep working because they need the income.

“Instead of discussing working conditions, it’s about the legality or illegality of the workers,” Juan Manuel said. “It generates underground work, means more precarious working conditions.” He said app work is not characteristic of self-employment because it’s most couriers’ sole source of income, they receive direct orders, and can be disciplined.

While many people in the city rely on this work to make a living, the drawbacks of these apps are becoming increasingly apparent. “If the most important thing is how quickly the pizza gets there, more guys are going to die,” said Gonzalo.

https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/aug/16/buenos-aires-judge-bans-delivery-apps-after-road-accidents-spike

“Courtesy of Guardian News & Media Ltd”.

In the same Yanina's twitter we can read: 

The fashion line designed to trick surveillance cameras by Alex Hern

The fashion line designed to trick surveillance cameras by Alex Hern

Adversarial Fashion garments are covered in license plates, aimed at bamboozling a device’s databases

Alex Hern in Las Vegas      @alexhern            Wed 14 Aug 2019 06.00 BST

Garment: Ropa, vestido

Aim: Destinada

Bamboozling: Engañar.

Automatic license plate readers, which use networked surveillance cameras and simple image recognition to track the movements of cars around a city, may have met their match, in the form of a T-shirt. Or a dress. Or a hoodie.

Hoodie: Capucha / Robin Hood /

The anti-surveillance garments were revealed at the DefCon cybersecurity conference in Las Vegas on Saturday by the hacker and fashion designer Kate Rose, who presented the inaugural collection of her Adversarial Fashion line.

Rose credits a conversation with a friend, the Electronic Frontier Foundation researcher Dave Maass, for inspiring the project: “He mentioned that the readers themselves are not very good,” she said. “They already read in things like picket fences and other junk. I thought that if they’re fooled by a fence, then maybe I could take a crack at it.”

Picket fenced: Valla, cerca

They already read →adverbio antes del verbo

Crack at it →Preposición at

To human eyes, Rose’s fourth amendment T-shirt contains the words of the fourth amendment to the US constitution in bold yellow letters. The amendment, which protects Americans from “unreasonable searches and seizures”, has been an important defense against many forms of government surveillance: in 2012, for instance, the US supreme court ruled that it prevented police departments from hiding GPS trackers on cars without a warrant.

                        On cars → El GPS se instala oculto dentro del coche

But to an automatic license plate reader (ALPR) system, the shirt is a collection of license plates, and they will get added to the license plate reader’s database just like any others it sees. The intention is to make deploying that sort of surveillance less effective, more expensive, and harder to use without human oversight, in order to slow down the transition to what Rose calls “visual personally identifying data collection”.

To make deploying that sort of surveillance: Hacer que el desarrollo de este tipo de vigilancia.

                        To slow down → Ralentizar

“It’s a highly invasive mass surveillance system that invades every part of our lives, collecting thousands of plates a minute. But if it’s able to be fooled by fabric, then maybe we shouldn’t have a system that hangs things of great importance on it,” she said.

Rose likens her work to that of other security researchers at DefCon. “If a phone is discovered to have a vulnerability, we don’t throw our phones away. This is like that, disclosing a vulnerability. I was shocked it was so easy, and I would call on people who think these systems are critical to find better ways to do that verification.”

Liken: Conecta

(…)

The anti-ALPR fabric is just the latest example of “adversarial fashion”, albeit the first to be targeted against car trackers. In 2016, the Berlin-based artist and technologist Adam Harvey worked with international interaction studio Hyphen-Labs to produce the Hyperface textile, fabric printed with a seemingly abstract pattern designed to trigger facial recognition systems.

Albeit: Aunque

On Monday, the owners of the King’s Cross development in central London were revealed to be applying facial recognition without consent on any visitor to the 67-acre estate. The UK’s Information Commissioner warned the landowners that such use may not be legal under existing law.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/13/the-fashion-line-designed-to-trick-surveillance-cameras

“Courtesy of Guardian News & Media Ltd”.

Wallmart & Amazon

Incalculable effort went into making Walmart absolutely world-class at merchandising. Walmart’s buyers became gatekeepers for access to the largest marketplace on the planet. The buyer’s job was to identify high-quality merchandise that the customer might want, and then negotiate the best possible price. As Claude Harris put it, “I always told the buyers: ‘You’re not negotiating for Walmart, you’re negotiating for your customer. And your customer deserves the best price you can get. Don’t ever feel sorry for a vendor. He knows what he can sell for, and we want his bottom price.’”

What is Amazon? by Zack Kanter 13/03/2019 

https://zackkanter.com/2019/03/13/what-is-amazon/

La idea de l'article, citat per John Naughton en The Guardian,  és que Wallmart és el precedent d'Amazon. El punt comú de les dues marques és el benefici del consumidor final sense cap consideració pel que hi ha darrera del mínim preu possible: "Don't ever feel sorry for": No tinguis cap mena de compasió.

La compasió, etimològicament és equivalent a simpatia en el sentit de considerar a l'altri, de sentir-se part del tot. Just el contrari del number one, american first o similars.

Schoolchildren in China work overnight to produce Amazon Alexa devices

Schoolchildren in China work overnight to produce Amazon Alexa devices

Gethin Chamberlain            Thu 8 Aug 2019 23.37 BST

Leaked documents show children as young as 16 recruited by Amazon supplier Foxconn work gruelling and illegal hours

Leaked / liːkt /: Made public

Gruelling: A gruelling activity is extremely difficult and tiring to do. (agotador)

Hundreds of schoolchildren have been drafted in to make Amazon’s Alexa devices in China as part of a controversial and often illegal attempt to meet production targets, documents seen by the Guardian reveal.

Draft in: If people are drafted into a place, they are moved there to do a particular job. If you are drafted, you are ordered to serve in the armed forces, usually for a limited period of time. If people are drafted into a place, they are moved there to do a particular job.

Interviews with workers and leaked documents from Amazon’s supplier Foxconn show that many of the children have been required to work nights and overtime to produce the smart-speaker devices, in breach of Chinese labour laws.

Breach of: The act of breaking

According to the documents, the teenagers – drafted in from schools and technical colleges in and around the central southern city of Hengyang – are classified as “interns”, and their teachers are paid by the factory to accompany them. Teachers are asked to encourage uncooperative pupils to accept overtime work on top of regular shifts.

Some of the pupils making Amazon’s Alexa-enabled Echo and Echo Dot devices along with Kindles have been required to work for more than two months to supplement staffing levels at the factory during peak production periods, researchers found. More than 1,000 pupils are employed, aged from 16 to 18.

Chinese factories are allowed to employ students aged 16 and older, but these schoolchildren are not allowed to work nights or overtime.

Foxconn, which also makes iPhones for Apple, admitted that students had been employed illegally and said it was taking immediate action to fix the situation.

(…)

https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/aug/08/schoolchildren-in-china-work-overnight-to-produce-amazon-alexa-devices

“Courtesy of Guardian News & Media Ltd”.

English humour

A woman gets on a bus with her baby. The bus driver says: ”Ugh, that’s the ugliest baby I’ve ever seen!”
The woman walks to the rear of the bus and sits down. She is really angry. She says to a man next to her, ”The driver just insulted me!”
The man says, ”You go up there and tell him off. Go on, I’ll hold your monkey for you.”

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The Pope just finished a tour of New York and was taking a limousine to the airport. He had never driven a limo before so he asked the driver if he could drive for a while. The driver pulled over along the roadside, climbed into the back of the limo, and the Pope took the wheel.
The Pope then drove onto the highway and accelerated to over 90 mph to see what the limo could do.
Suddenly, the Pope noticed the blue light of a police car in his side mirror, so he pulled over. The policeman came to the limo, looked in through the windows, then said, “Just a moment please, I need to call my chief.”
The policeman called his chief and explained to him that he had a very important person pulled over for speeding.
“How do I handle this, chief?” asked the policeman. “Is it the Governor?” questioned the chief. “No! This guy is even more important!”
“Is it the President?” asked the chief.
“No! Even more important!”
“Well, who is it then?” screamed the chief.
“I don’t know, sir,” replied the policeman, “But he’s got the Pope as his driver.”

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Three engineers and three accountants were traveling by train to a conference. At the station, the three accountants each bought tickets and watched as the three engineers bought only one ticket.
“How are three people going to travel on only one ticket?” asked an accountant.
“Watch and you’ll see”, answered an engineer.
They all boarded the train. The accountants took their seats, but the three engineers all went into one toilet and closed the door behind them. Shortly after the train departed, the conductor came around collecting tickets. He knocked on the toilet door and said, “Ticket, please.”
The door opened just a little and a single arm emerged with a ticket in hand. The conductor took it and moved on. The accountants saw this and agreed it was quite a clever idea. So, after the conference, the accountants decide to copy the engineers on the return trip and save some money. When they got to the station, they bought a single ticket for the return trip. To their astonishment, the engineers didn’t buy a ticket at all.
“How are you going to ride without a ticket”? said one confused accountant.
“Watch and you’ll see”, answered an engineer.
When they boarded the train, the three accountants went into a toilet and the three engineers went into another one nearby. The train departed. Shortly afterward, one of the engineers left their toilet and walked over to the toilet where the accountants were hiding. He knocked on the door and said, “Ticket, please.”

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There was a preacher who fell in the ocean and he couldn’t swim. When a boat came by, the captain yelled, “Do you need help, sir?”
The preacher calmly said, “No, God will save me.”
A little later, another boat came by and a fisherman asked, “Hey, do you need help?”
The preacher replied again, “No, God will save me.”
Finally, the preacher drowned and went to heaven. The preacher asked God, “Why didn’t you save me?”
God replied, “Fool, I sent you two boats!”

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A very drunk man gets home and starts to open the door but he is too drunk to do it. From the balcony, his wife shouts, “Should I throw you the key?”
“I have got the key,” he said, “Throw me the lock!”

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An old man had serious hearing problems for a number of years. He went to the doctor and the doctor gave him a set of hearing aids that helped the man to hear 100 %.

The old man went back in a month to the doctor and the doctor said, “Your hearing is perfect. Your family must be really pleased that you can hear again.”
The man replied, “Oh, I haven’t told my family yet. I just sit around and listen to the conversations. I’ve changed my will three times!”

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Bob, a 70-year-old, extremely wealthy widower, shows up at the Country Club with a breathtakingly beautiful and very sexy 25-year-old blonde-haired woman. She knocks everyone’s socks off with her youthful sex appeal and charm. She hangs over Bob’s arm and listens intently to his every word. His buddies at the club are all amazed.
At the very first chance, they corner him and ask, “Bob, how did you get the trophy girlfriend?”(*)
Bob replies, “Girlfriend? She’s my wife!”
They are knocked over, but continue to ask.
“So, how did you persuade her to marry you?”
“I lied about my age,” Bob replies.
“Did you tell her you were only 50?”
Bob smiles and says, “No, I told her I was 90.”

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